How to Grow Water Lilies

The water lily emerges as the undisputed star of home water gardening. Learn how to grow water lilies of your own!

The water lily (Nymphaea) has been casting its spell on humans for thousands of years, enchanting even the earliest civilizations. This mysterious beauty rises from the deep, leaves floating serenely on the surface, exquisite blossoms appearing as if by magic. Once the province of grand palaces and public gardens, the water lily is finding its way to the home garden.

While water lilies appear delicate, don't let their exotic aura fool you. These flowers are as tough as they are beautiful. Water lilies grow well in any USDA hardiness zone.

All About Water Lilies

Water lilies can be grown in a tub on the patio or in ponds of any size. They grow from tubers planted in pots beneath the water and send up stems with rounded leaves and star-shaped blossoms that float on the surface. There are many different types of water lilies to choose from.

Hardy lilies are dependable and easy to plant—a good choice for the beginner. Daytime bloomers, they blossom in the morning and close after sunset, lasting three or four days before sinking beneath the surface. The flowers appear from spring to fall, blooming in all colours except blues and purples. Hardy water lilies go dormant in winter and may be left in the water or stored. Tropical water lilies, which bloom in more exotic colours, take a little more care but are well worth the effort. Their flowers are larger and more prolific. Night-blooming varieties have vibrant, almost electric colours. Tropical water lilies require a water temperature above 70 degrees F, and tubers must be removed from the pond in winter.

How to Plant Hardy Water Lilies

Whether you are planting in a container or in a pond, the water lily planting technique is the same. If you’re new to water lilies or short on space, try growing them in a container—it will feel more manageable than an entire pond of water lilies. Any type of water lily can be grown in a pot because they will only grow to be the size of the container they are in.

Editor's Tip: Keep aquatic plants contained in ponds and pots. In the wild, some can be invasive and compete with native plants.

Step 1: Select a Container

Use a container that is wide and shallow. A good size is 12 x 18 inches wide by 6 x 10 inches deep. The tuber, which is similar to the rhizome of an iris, grows horizontally. Containers may or may not have holes. If there are drainage holes, line the pot with burlap to keep the soil in the container. Soil that leaches out can cloud the water in your pond.

Step 2: Fill Container With Soil

Use a heavy soil intended for use in the garden, not a fluffy potting soil that will float out of the container. Avoid soil mixes with perlite, vermiculite, or peat for the same reason. Enrich the soil with aquatic fertilizer pellets made especially for the task. Push them into the soil before you plant.

Step 3: Clean Up Plants

Remove old leaves and thick, fleshy old roots—then, more of the plant's energy can go toward growing new roots, leaves, stems, and blooms. Leave only emerging leaves and buds and the newer, hair like roots.

Step 4: Plant Tubers

Plant the tuber against the side of the pot, with the growing tip pointing upward—about 45 degrees—and toward the centre of the pot.

Step 5: Add Gravel

Cover the soil with a layer of rock or pea gravel to keep the soil in the pot

Step 6: Lower Plant into Water

The planted pot should be lowered into the pond at an angle to allow air to escape. Set the base of the pot 12 x 18 inches deep. The leaves will float to the surface. If the pond is deeper than 18 inches and doesn't have built-in planting ledges, support the pot.

How to plant water lily in seeds

Step 1: Select right side of seeds  

there's two ends to the seeds. One is a dimple end the other is a nipple end. With your drill bit (SLOWLY AND CAREFULLY) Drill into the (DIMPLE) end of the seeds just enough to penetrate the outer hard shell of the seeds carefully not to hit the inner white meat of the seeds.

Step 2: Scoring the Seeds

one and only most difficult part of this stage is to score the seeds (opening one end of the seeds) I've seen people try many ways. I seen it been filed down, you can sand it down, cut it with a knife or blade. 

Step 3: Container, Water, and Temperature

I used a old glass pickle about 7 inch tall in length. I was told not to use tap water straight from the faucet. But I'm a rebel so I use it anyways because it was easy to control the temperature and more convenient since this is all taking place in my kitchen. Not burning hot water but warm safe to touch water is what you want.

Step 4: Temperature 

1. the temperature needs to be around 60 to 90 degrees for it to germinate 
2. the stove light can be very beneficial since California don't have any sun right now or else I would just leave it at the window 

Step 5: It's Like Caring for a Baby While You Watch It Grow

Watching it grow is the most precious thing you can possibly experience from growing a seed into a fully grown plant. But wait just like a baby it needs your caring for and attention. Twice a day the water needs changing (replace with warm water) when the sun do decide to play peek a boo with you take it outside try to feed it as much sunlight as possible at least 7 hours a day.

Step 6: They Grow Fast...

About a 1/2 inch a day once you see the first 

growth spurts. I eventually had to transfer them 

in to a glass water jug because you want them 

to be at least 6 in tall before you can pot them

(I'll have an instructables update on that too soon) 

stay tuned.

Thank You for Viewing Please Subscribe and Share ❤❤❤❤

Fertilization and Maintenance

1. • Aquatic fertilizers specify 1 tablet per 1 gallon (3.8 L) of soil, while other products recommend 2 to 4 tablets for the same amount of soil.
2. 
   
   
   Bring tropical lilies inside when the water temperature dips below 65 °F (18 °C). If your pond freezes solid, you’ll need to winterize hardy lilies inside, too. Store the pot in a large aquarium filled with water.

   • If you can't store the entire pot, trim the leaves and remove the rhizome, then apply a dusting of fungicide. Store the rhizome in a plastic bag filled with peat moss, and keep the bag in a cool, moist place, such as a basement.
   • If your pond is at least 18 inches (46 cm) deep and doesn’t completely freeze, you can winterize your hardy lilies outside. Place the pot in the deepest part of the pond, where it'll be protected from cold air.
3. 
   
   
   Divide an overgrown lily every 2 to 3 years.Eventually, the rhizome will start to crowd the pot, and you’ll need to divide it. In the spring, remove the rhizome, or root ball, from the pot and rinse away excess soil from the roots. Look for tuber-like shoots with distinct growing tips or emerging stems. Using a knife or pruning shears, cut the shoots and surrounding roots in lengths of at least 3 inches (7.6 cm) from the rest of the root ball.You’ll likely be able to divide the root ball into several shoots. Plant each shoot in a separate container, then place them in your pond or give them to a friend.

How to Grow Water Lilies

With striking flowers and leaves that float serenely, water lilies are enchanting plants. They’re easy to grow and care for, so turning your pond into a picturesque oasis won’t take much work. Plant water lilies in containers to control their growth, submerge the container in a pond or aquatic planter, and make sure they get plenty of sun. Trim old flowers and leaves to prevent rot, and divide your rapidly growing lilies every 2 to 3 years. With a little time and care, you'll have a gorgeous collection of water lilies year after year.

1

Plant water lilies in containers instead of directly in the ground. 

Use a wide, shallow pot or a mesh basket designed for aquatic planting. The container should have a diameter of 14 to 16 inches (36 to 41 cm).

• It’s easier to maintain potted lilies. Additionally, a lily planted directly into the ground could eventually overwhelm your pond. When planted in the ground, a water lily’s root system can cover a diameter of 15 feet (4.6 m) within 5 years.
• You can find aquatic plant necessities, including a mesh basket and aquatic soil, online, at your local garden center, or at a home improvement store.

2

Use an aquatic planter if you don’t have a pond. 

If you have one, you can plant lilies in your pond or backyard water feature. If not, purchase a large aquatic planter, fill it with water, and submerge the pot that holds the lily.

• Go for an aquatic planter that’s around 6 by 8 feet (1.8 by 2.4 m). Make sure it’s designed for aquatic plants and doesn’t have any drainage holes.

3

Ensure your pond or container gets at least 6 to 8 hours of full sun. 

While lilies need a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight, more light encourages them to produce more flowers. Ideally, your lilies should get at least 8 hours of sun.

4

Plant your lilies in the spring. 

Late April to early May is the best time to plant water lilies in the Northern Hemisphere. In cooler climates, plant when there’s no risk of frost.

• There are 2 varieties of water lily: hardy and tropical. As their name implies, hardy water lilies can tolerate cooler temperatures. You still need to plant them in the spring, but maintaining a high water temperature isn’t as important.

5

Make sure your pond is warm if you choose tropical lilies. 

Tropical species can’t tolerate water temperatures below 65 °F (18 °C), so make sure your pond or aquatic container can sustain warm water before planting. Ideally, your water should be at least 70 °F (21 °C).

6

Purchase lilies with healthy crowns and leaves. 

You can find water lilies at your local nursery or garden center, or you could ask a friend with lilies for clippings. Look for plants with healthy crowns, or the part where the stems meet the roots. Check for stems that easily pull away from the crown, and look for yellow, curling, or damaged leaves.

• An unhealthy crown and yellow leaves are signs of crown rot. It’s an incurable fungal infection, and is one of the only health issues that affect water lilies.

Nymphaeales

Nymphaeales, the water lily order of flowering plants, a basal branch of angiosperms, or flowering plants, containing 3 families, 9 genera, and 74 species. In older botanical classification systems, the order was included in the dicotyledon class (Magnoliopsida, characterized by two seed leaves). The order is found in quiet freshwater habitats throughout most of the world. The aesthetic appeal of the water lilies, especially those of the genera Nymphaea and Victoria, has led to their worldwide cultivation.
•

                              white water lily

Nymphaeaceae (including the former family Barclayaceae), or the water lily family, has 6 genera and 58 species. Cabombaceae, or the water shields and fanworts, is a closely related family with 2 genera, Cabomba and Brasenia, that is sometimes included in Nymphaeaceae. The last family, Hydatellaceae, contains 1 genus (Trithuria) and 12 species.
All plants of the Nymphaeales order are aquatic. They are attached to pond or stream bottoms, but whether their leaves and flowers are submerged, floating, or standing above the water varies. They range in size from the small, fragile Cabomba(fanwort), which has floating leaves less than 0.3 cm (1 inch) in diameter, to Nymphaea, which produce leaves 50 cm (about 18 inches) wide that can cover an area 2.5 metres (8 feet) in diameter in one summer. Largest of all is Victoria, which has impressive circular, floating leaves that attain 2 metres (6.5 feet) in diameter and flowers 40 cm (about 15 inches) across.

Fanwort (Cabomba)

Many species of water lilies are suited for pools, aquatic gardens, and aquariums, where they are prized for their attractive foliage and showy flowers. The submerged leaves, the starchy, horizontal creeping rhizomes, and the protein-rich seeds of the larger species have been used as food by humans throughout history. The petioles (leaf stalks) serve as cover for fish and holdfasts for their spawn, and hoofed wildlife also browse on the plant parts. The emergent leaves provide cover for aquatic birds, and the seeds of many species are food for fish and fowl. Because they grow rapidly and can clog lakes, several members of Nymphaeales provide an essential link in plant succession—from pond to swamp to wet prairie.

Water lilies (Nymphaea)

The numerous species and hybrids of Nymphaea are the most commonly cultivated water lilies. The fragrant N. odorata, native to the eastern United States, with 13-cm (5-inch) white flowers, and its cultivars (horticultural varieties) are widely grown in parks, gardens, and natural ponds in warm temperate regions. Nuphar (yellow pond lily) is noted for its globose flowers, which are often held above the water.
The genus Barclaya (four species) is sometimes considered a separate family, Barclayaceae. It is distinguished from Nymphaeaceae by an extended perianth tube (combined sepals and petals) arising from the top of the ovary and by stamens that are joined basally. Barclaya is native to tropical Asia and Indonesia.
Brasenia schreberi (water shield) and the seven species of Cabomba constitute a basal offshoot of Nymphaeaceae, which may also be split off as the family Cabombaceae. Several species of Cabomba are distributed in eastern and southeastern North America and in much of northern South America. In addition to a few small floating leaves, Cabomba has feathery leaves along a more or less erect, submerged stem.

Water shield (Brasenia schreberi)
The family Nelumbonaceae(containing Nelumbo nucifera, or the sacred lotus, and N. pentapetala, or the American lotus) has often been placed in Nymphaeaceae, but it is only superficially similar to the water lilies. Nelumbonaceae is now placed in the lower eudicot order Proteales.

Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Some Nymphaeaceae genera have extensive creeping rhizomes, buried or superficial. Others have short, erect, buried stems, either with or without associated floating horizontal branches. The variously shaped leaf blades that arise from the submerged rhizomes may spread over the surface of the water or stand above the water by means of elongate petioles. Some species are able to reproduce vegetatively; Nymphaea mexicana spreads by runners, and N. micrantha of western Africa produces detachable plantlets at the junction of the petiole and the blade.
Flowers of Nymphaeaceae and Cabombaceae occur singly from nodes of submerged stems and rise to the surface of the water or higher, and their flowers are radially symmetrical. Flowers are insect-pollinated except in some flowers of Euryale that are self-pollinated in closed flowers and Ondinea, which is wind-pollinated.
In Cabomba and Brasenia, the single carpel matures into a dry follicle (opening along one seam). Leathery, several-chambered berries, which eventually rupture because of enlarged seeds, are produced by the other members of Nymphaeaceae. These fruits develop underwater even when the flower opens above water. The seeds of all genera are distributed passively, with most being released to float in water until they become anchored in the soil substratum.
Only recently has the enigmaticfamily Hydatellaceae been shown to belong in this order. The sole genus, Trithuria, has a dozen species native to India, New Zealand, and Australia. They are clumped, grasslike aquatic herbs that may be submerged, with tiny flowers aggregated into stalked headlike clusters. Four of the species are dioecious (separate male and female plants), and the others have various arrangements of male and female flowers on the same plant. In these ways, Trithuria differs greatly from the broader-leaved and larger-flowered members of the other two families in the order.

Water lily, (family Nymphaeaceae), any of 58 species in 6 genera of freshwater plants native to the temperate and tropical parts of the world. Most species of water lilies have rounded, variously notched, waxy-coated leaves on long stalks that contain many air spaces and float in quiet freshwater habitats.

The stalks arise from thick, fleshy, creeping underwater stems that are buried in the mud. The showy, fragrant, solitary flowers are borne at or above the water surface on long stalks that are attached to the underground stems. Each cuplike flower has a spiral arrangement of its numerous petals.

The flowers of most species have many stamens (male reproductive structures). Some flowers open only in the morning or in the evening to attract insect pollinators. The fruit is usually nutlike or berrylike.

Some fruits ripen underwater until they rupture or decay, and the seeds then float away or sink. Some water lilies also have submerged leaves. All members of the family are perennialexcept for the genus Euryale, an annual or short-lived perennial found only in Asia.

The genus Nymphaea makes up the water lilies proper, or water nymphs, with 46 species. The common North American white water lily, or pond lily, is Nymphaea odorata. The European white water lily is N. alba. Both species have reddish leaves when young and large fragrant flowers. The leaf blades of N. albahave a deep, narrow notch. Other species of Nymphaea have pink, yellow, red, or blue flowers; many kinds are of hybrid origin. The lotus of ancient Egyptian art was usually the blue lotus (N.caerulea). The Egyptian lotus, N. lotus, has toothed leaves and long stalks that rise above the water’s surface to support white flowers that bloom at night and stay open until midday.
The genus Nuphar, with about 10 species distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, includes the common yellow water lily, cow lily, or spatterdock (Nuphar advena) of eastern North America. The yellow water lily has submerged leaves that are thin and translucent and leathery floating leaves.

The largest water lilies are those of the tropical South American genus Victoria, comprising two species of giant water lilies. The leaf margins of both the Amazon, or royal, water lily (V.amazonica, formerly V. regia) and the Santa Cruz water lily (V. cruziana) have upturned edges, giving each thickly veined leaf the appearance of a large, shallow pan 60 to 180 cm (about 2 to 6 feet) across and accounting for its common name, water platter. The fragrant flowers of Victoria have 50 or more petals and are 18 to 46 cm (about 7 to 18 inches) wide. They open white toward evening and shade to pink or reddish two days later before they wither, to be replaced by a large berrylike fruit.

Water lilies provide food for fish and wildlife but sometimes cause drainage problems because of their rapid growth. Many varieties have been developed for ornamental use in garden pools and conservatories. Two aquatic families related to the water lilies are the water shields and the fanworts, making up the family Cabombaceae. Nymphaeaceae and Cabombaceae are members of the water lily order, Nymphaeales.